Bone marrow puncture needle tips

Bone marrow aspirate is one of the important test methods for blood system diseases. Bone marrow is the main organ of hematopoiesis. Through bone marrow aspirate cytology, we can understand the formation of various cells in the bone marrow, the changes in the morphology and composition of various cells, and the discovery of abnormal cells, so as to confirm the diagnosis, observe the curative effect, and estimate the prognosis. Combined with bone marrow findings, blood findings and clinical data, a positive diagnosis or clinical diagnosis can be made for some diseases. Such as various types of leukemia, multiple myeloma, metabolic disease.

Propose a consistent diagnosis: such as calcium iron anemia, aplastic anemia. There are indeed some changes in the bone marrow image. Although it cannot provide support or negative opinions on the clinical manifestations, it can always be used as a reference for further examination.

Will a bone marrow aspirate be painful? Under local anesthesia, a puncture needle is inserted into the bone marrow cavity of the anterior iliac or posterior superior iliac spine on the side of the pelvis, and a small amount of bone marrow fluid is extracted for laboratory examination. If necessary, the manubrium can also be selected for puncture. These parts generally do not pass through major blood vessels and nerves, so they will cause serious damage and will not have much impact on the body's feeling and activities.

What should I pay attention to after bone piercing? After bone puncture, the puncture point should be covered with a sterile dressing, and the puncture point should be compressed for 5 to 10 minutes. Do not wash the puncture site with water within 3 days after surgery to prevent infection, and remove the dressing after 72 hours. Pay attention to observe whether there is bleeding or exudation at the puncture site. If there is bleeding or exudation, the nurse should be notified in time and the dressing should be changed.

Why do some patients with blood diseases need a lumbar puncture? Lumbar puncture is of great value in the diagnosis and preventive treatment of neurological diseases. Certain blood diseases such as leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma and other lesions often accumulate in the central nervous system. Lumbar puncture can not only determine whether tumor cells invade the central nervous system, but also prevent and treat central nervous system leukemia, malignant lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Lumbar punctures are often repeated until cerebrospinal fluid tests remain within the normal range, with regular preventive treatment thereafter.

What should I look out for after a lumbar puncture? Compress the puncture site for 10 minutes after lumbar puncture to prevent puncture bleeding. Should go to the pillow to lie down for 6 hours, to prevent getting up too early to cause low-pressure headache. In the event of a low-pressure headache, the patient should generally lie down for a longer period of time, and drink more salt and boiled water to relieve it. If necessary, intravenous infusion of normal saline can be used. Keep the dressing dry, do not wash the puncture site with water within 3 days after surgery, and discard it after 72 hours.

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